Control Flow Statements

Control flow statements are used to control the flow of execution in a program. They are used to make decisions, loop over code blocks, and define functions.

If Statements

The if statement is used to execute a block of code if a condition is true.

if (condition) {
    // code block
}

The else statement is used to execute a block of code if the condition is false.

if (condition) {
    // code block
} else {
    // code block
}

The else if statement is used to execute a block of code if the condition is false and another condition is true.

if (condition) {
    // code block
} else if (condition) {
    // code block
}

Switch Statements

The switch statement is used to execute a block of code based on the value of a variable.

switch (expression) {
    case value1:
        // code block
        break;
    case value2:
        // code block
        break;
    default:
        // code block
}

Loops

Loops are used to execute a block of code multiple times.

For Loop

The for loop is used to execute a block of code a specified number of times.

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    // code block
}

While Loop

The while loop is used to execute a block of code as long as a condition is true.

while (condition) {
    // code block
}

Do-While Loop

The do-while loop is used to execute a block of code at least once, and then repeatedly execute it as long as a condition is true.

do {
    // code block
} while (condition);

Break, Continue and Return Statements

The break statement is used to exit a loop or switch statement.

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    if (i == 3) {
        break;
    }
}

The continue statement is used to skip the rest of the code in a loop and continue with the next iteration.

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    if (i == 3) {
        continue;
    }
}

The return statement is used to exit a function and return a value.

public int add(int a, int b) {
    return a + b;
}